✨ Overview of HC-12
The HC-12 is a wireless serial communication module based on the Si4463 RF transceiver IC. It allows wireless communication at distances up to 1 km (line of sight) and is commonly used in embedded systems, IoT, and wireless sensor networks.
🔌 Key Features:
- Frequency: 433 MHz
- Range: Up to 1000 m (line of sight)
- Modulation: FSK
- Interface: UART (TTL Level)
- Voltage: 3.2V to 5.5V
- Baud Rate: Configurable (1200 to 115200 bps)
🌐 AT Commands and Power Check
To enter Command Mode, pull the SET pin LOW before power-on or reset.
✉þ Example Commands:
- AT ➔ Check if module responds
- AT+RX ➔ Query all parameters
- AT+Bxxxx ➔ Set baud rate (e.g., AT+B9600)
- AT+RP ➔ Get transmitting power
- AT+FUx ➔ Set working mode (FU1 to FU4)
📊 Sample Response from Module:
OK+B9600
OK+RC001
OK+RP:+20dBm
OK+FU3
🔹 Transmission Modes (FU1, FU2, FU3, FU4)
| Mode | Description | Latency | Power Use |
| FU1 | Balanced mode (default) | Medium | Medium |
| FU2 | Fast transmission, high power | Low | High |
| FU3 | Power saving, low speed | High | Low |
| FU4 | Fixed baud rate 1200, long range | High | Low |
🧱 Connection with USB to Serial Module
Wiring HC-12 to USB Serial Adapter:
| HC-12 Pin | Connects To |
| VCC | 3.3V / 5V |
| GND | GND |
| TXD | RXD |
| RXD | TXD |
| SET | GND (for AT mode) or Floating (for normal) |
📊 GUI Visualization of HC-12 Serial Data
Creating a GUI to visualize HC-12 communication is helpful for monitoring sensor data, logs, and module status.Recommended Tools:
| Tool | Language | Best For |
| PyQt6 / PySide6 | Python | Advanced desktop apps |
| Tkinter | Python | Simple interfaces |
| Processing | Java | Real-time graphics |
| Node-RED | JS | Web-based dashboards |
| MIT App Inventor | Drag-n-drop | Android GUI (via Bluetooth) |
Python GUI Example Using PyQt6:
pip install pyqt6 pyserial pyqtgraph
Python Sample Code Snippet:
import serial
import pyqtgraph as pg
from PyQt6.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt6.QtCore import QTimer
ser = serial.Serial(‘COM5’, 9600) # Update COM port
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.setWindowTitle(“HC-12 Viewer”)
self.graph = pg.PlotWidget()
self.data = []
self.label = QLabel(“Last Msg: –“)
layout = QVBoxLayout()
layout.addWidget(self.graph)
layout.addWidget(self.label)
central = QWidget()
central.setLayout(layout)
self.setCentralWidget(central)
self.timer = QTimer()
self.timer.timeout.connect(self.read_serial)
self.timer.start(200)
def read_serial(self):
if ser.in_waiting:
raw = ser.readline().decode().strip()
self.label.setText(f”Last Msg: {raw}”)
try:
val = float(raw)
self.data.append(val)
if len(self.data) > 100:
self.data.pop(0)
self.graph.plot(self.data, clear=True)
except:
pass
🔍 Visualizing:
| Data | Visualization |
| Sensor Value | Line Chart |
| Signal Power | Bar Graph |
| Mode / Baud | Label |
| Logs | Scrollable Text |
🤝 Summary
The HC-12 is a powerful tool for wireless serial communication. With proper setup and GUI integration, you can build an effective real-time monitoring system for IoT or sensor-based projects.
Let me know if you want a downloadable .exe or .py version of the GUI to share on your website.
✨ Overview of HC-12
The HC-12 is a wireless serial communication module based on the Si4463 RF transceiver IC. It allows wireless communication at distances up to 1 km (line of sight) and is commonly used in embedded systems, IoT, and wireless sensor networks.
🔌 Key Features:
- Frequency: 433 MHz
- Range: Up to 1000 m (line of sight)
- Modulation: FSK
- Interface: UART (TTL Level)
- Voltage: 3.2V to 5.5V
- Baud Rate: Configurable (1200 to 115200 bps)
- Transceiver IC: Silicon Labs Si4463
- Current Consumption:
- Transmission: ~100 mA @ max power
- Idle: ~16 mA
- Sleep: ~22 µA
🔌 Connection with USB to Serial Module
Wiring HC-12 to USB Serial Adapter:
| HC-12 Pin | Connects To |
| VCC | 3.3V / 5V |
| GND | GND |
| TXD | RXD (of USB to Serial) |
| RXD | TXD (of USB to Serial) |
| SET | GND (for AT mode) or Floating (for normal) |
To enter Command Mode, pull the SET pin LOW before powering on or resetting the module.
⚙️ Entering Command Mode
- Pull SET pin to GND before powering up the module.
- Keep SET pin LOW to remain in command mode.
- Use a terminal tool (like TeraTerm, PuTTY, or Arduino Serial Monitor) set at Baud: 9600, NL+CR.
📋 AT Commands Overview
| Command | Description | Example | Response |
| AT | Test connection | AT | OK |
| AT+RX | Show all parameters | AT+RX | See below |
| AT+Bxxxx | Set baud rate | AT+B9600 | OK+B9600 |
| AT+Cxxx | Set channel (001–127) | AT+C021 | OK+C021 |
| AT+FUx | Set transmission mode (1–4) | AT+FU3 | OK+FU3 |
| AT+Px | Set power level (1–8) | AT+P8 | OK+P8 |
| AT+RP | Read power level | AT+RP | OK+P8 |
| AT+SLEEP | Enter sleep mode | AT+SLEEP | OK+SLEEP |
| AT+V | Read firmware version | AT+V | HC-12_V2.5 |
Sample Response from AT+RX:
OK+B9600
OK+C021
OK+FU3
OK+P8
🔁 Transmission Modes (FU1–FU4)
| Mode | Description | Latency | Power Use | Notes |
| FU1 | Balanced mode (default) | Medium | Medium | General-purpose |
| FU2 | Fast, high power | Low | High | Low-latency applications |
| FU3 | Low power, low speed | High | Low | Power-constrained systems |
| FU4 | 1200 bps fixed, ultra-long range | High | Very Low | Fixed speed, long-range |
you must set the same FU mode (e.g., FU1, FU2, etc.) on both HC-12 modules if you want them to communicate successfully.
The FU mode defines how data is transmitted and received (speed, latency, power-saving behavior).
If one module is in FU3 (low power, slow), and the other is in FU2 (high speed), they won’t understand each other’s data, and communication will fail.
weed edibles online shop
pre filled thc vape pens for easy convenient use